Theoretical background Reeducation in Communist Romania

anton makarenko, father of soviet reeducation.

the theoretical foundation communist version of reeducation process provided principles defined anton semioniovici makarenko, russian educator born in ukraine in 1888. having background no more one-year teaching course, serves 1920 until 1932 leader of rogue delinquent children colonies. principles used in education of these children later enunciated in works teaching poem , march of year 30.

makarenko s teachings practically fit communist ideology. based on collective, social group, central idea of general soviet pedagogy, , not on individual person. goes in contrast capitalist pedagogy – so-called bourgeois teachings – focuses on individual. collective seen organization common ideological characteristics , leadership, resembles of communist party. yet main idea consists in noticed distinction between education , reeducation. if education of individual involves time lengthy evolution process, reeducation can done through so-called explosion, shock shatter old principles , make him far more receptive new ideas.

own natural attitude towards society being shattered, exposed sheer power, these elements have no time choose , decide, engulfed avalanche, drags them without asking want or not. confronted necessity of making immediate decision, not able analyze or search – 1 hundredth time – deep inside meticulously developed reasoning, respect interests, caprices , desires, regarding injustice suffered in hands of others. @ same time obeying emotional suggestion of collective, ideas burst several representations, no more few manage becoming consistent before new images formed, images of righteousness , greater strength of group, palpable deeds of own belonging collective, first elements of pride , initial sensations of sweet victory.

the explosion referenced makarenko takes part within collective. new born product of reeducation – not able find way out – seeks salvation integration in same group cornered him. soon, there no individual anymore, group. educational principle foundation of pitești reeducation process.

another important factor definition of morality itself. enunciated lenin, action seeks well-fair of party considered moral, while action harms immoral. such, moral relative concept, follows needs of group. attitude shall regarded moral @ given time, while immoral @ moment; in order decide, person must respect program defined collective(the party).