Usage implications Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout

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front-engine position


historically, designation used regardless of whether entire engine behind front axle line. in recent times, manufactures of cars have added designation term front-mid describes car engine in front of passenger compartment behind front axle. pre-world war ii front engine cars qualify front-mid engine, using front-mid designation, or on front axle.


this layout traditional form, , remains popular, practical design. engine takes great deal of space packaged in location passengers , luggage typically not use. main deficit weight distribution — heaviest component @ 1 end of vehicle. car handling not ideal, predictable.


in contrast front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (rwd), fwd layout eliminates need central tunnel or higher chassis clearance accommodate driveshaft providing power rear wheels. rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (rr) , rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (rmr) layouts, places engine on drive wheels, improving traction in many applications. steered wheels driven wheels, fwd cars considered superior rwd cars in conditions there low traction such snow, mud, gravel or wet tarmac. when hill climbing in low traction conditions rr considered best two-wheel-drive layout, due shift of weight rear wheels when climbing. cornering ability of fwd vehicle better, because engine placed on steered wheels. however, driven wheels have additional demands of steering, if vehicle accelerates quickly, less grip available cornering, can result in understeer. high-performance vehicles use fwd layout because weight transferred rear wheels under acceleration, while unloading front wheels , sharply reducing grip, putting cap on amount of power realistically utilized; in addition, high horsepower of high-performance cars can result in sensation of torque steer. electronic traction control can avoid wheel-spin largely negates benefit of power. reason adoption of four-wheel-drive quattro system in high performance jensen ff , audi quattro road cars.








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