Jim Crow period: 1890–1914 Mass racial violence in the United States

1891: new orleans anti-italian riot


a lynch mob storms local jail , hangs 11 italians following acquittal of several sicilian immigrants alleged involved in murder of new orleans police chief david hennessy.


1891: 1st omaha race riot


10,000 white people storm local courthouse beat , lynch joe coe, alleged have raped white girl.


1894: buffalo, new york riot of 1894


two groups of irish , italian-americans arrested police after fighting following barroom brawl. after mob dispersed police, 5 italians arrested while 2 others sent local hospital.


1894: bituminous coal miners strike


much of violence in national strike not racial. in iowa, employees of consolidation coal company (iowa) refused join strike, armed confrontation between strikers , strike breakers took on racial overtones because majority of consolidation s employees african american. national guard mobilized avert open warfare.


1895: 1895 new orleans dockworkers riot
1898: wilmington race riot


a group of democrats sought remove african-americans political scene, , went launching campaign of accusing african-american men of sexually assaulting white women. 5 hundred white men attacked , burned alex manly s office, newspaper editor suggested african-american men , white women had consensual relationships. fourteen african-americans killed.


1898: lake city, south carolina
1898: greenwood county, south carolina
1899: newburg, new york riot


angered hiring of african-american workers, group of 80-100 arab laborers attack african americans near freeman & hammond brick yard, numerous men injured on both sides.


1900: new orleans, louisiana: robert charles riots
1900: new york city
1902: new york city


anti-semitic riots initiated irish factory workers , city policemen against thousands of jews attending jacob joseph s funeral


1906: little rock, arkansas


started after white police officer in argenta (north little rock) killed black musician, , black killed; racial tensions rose exchange of gunfire, resulting in half block of buildings burned down; whites rioted , blacks fled city.


1906: atlanta riots, georgia


in september after 2 newspapers printed stories african-american men assaulting white women anti-african-american violence broke out. 10,000 white men , boys took street, resulting in deaths of 25 100 african-americans, along hundreds injured.


1906: wahalak & scooba, mississippi
1907: bellingham riots, washington
1908: springfield, illinois
1909: greek town riot


a successful greek immigrant community in south omaha, nebraska burnt ground ethnic whites , residents forced leave town.


1910: nationwide riots following heavyweight championship fight between jack johnson , jim jeffries in reno, nevada on july 4
1910 slocum, texas massacre, between 8 , 2 hundred black residents around slocum, texas killed hundreds of armed white men. eleven white men arrested, none went trial.




^ race riot in buffalo.; italians , irish fight hour , half in street. new york times. 19 mar. 1894
^ thomas j. hudson, iowa chapter viii, events jackson cummins, province , states, vol. v, western historical association, 1904; page 170
^ national guard – iowa s splendid militia, midland monthly, vol. ii, no. 5 nov. 1894; page 419.
^ service @ muchakinock , evans, in mahaska county, during coal miners strike, report of adjutant-general governor of state of iowa biennial period ending nov. 30, 1895, conway, des moines, 1895; page 18
^ race riots in u.s . www.infoplease.com. retrieved 2017-04-17. 
^ race riots in newburg.; negroes employed in brick yards provoke other laborers -- lively battle between factions, new york times. 29 jul. 1899
^ argenta race riot , encyclopedia of arkansas history , culture (accessed april 28, 2011).
^ whites in race war kill blacks blindly . new york times. 26 december 1906. 
^ larsen, l. & cotrell, b. (1997). gate city: history of omaha. university of nebraska press. p 163.
^ july 29, 1910: slocum massacre in texas - zinn education project . zinnedproject.org. retrieved 2 september 2017.