XNU kernel Hybrid kernel

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xnu kernel apple inc. acquired , developed use in macos, ios, watchos, , tvos operating systems , released free , open source software part of darwin operating system. xnu acronym x not unix.


originally developed next nextstep operating system, xnu hybrid kernel combining version 2.5 of mach kernel developed @ carnegie mellon university components 4.3bsd , object-oriented api writing drivers called driver kit.


after apple acquired next, mach component upgraded osfmk 7.3, microkernel. apple uses heavily modified osfmk 7.3 functioning hybrid kernel parts of freebsd included. (osfmk 7.3 includes applicable code university of utah mach 4 kernel , applicable code many mach 3.0 variants sprouted off original carnegie mellon university mach 3.0 kernel.) bsd components upgraded code freebsd project , driver kit replaced c++ api writing drivers called i/o kit.


description

like other modern kernels, xnu hybrid, containing features of both monolithic , microkernels, attempting make best use of both technologies, such message passing capability of microkernels enabling greater modularity , larger portions of os benefit protected memory, retaining speed of monolithic kernels critical tasks.


xnu runs on arm part of ios, ia-32, , x86-64 based processors.








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