Types Antihemorrhagic

1 types

1.1 systemic
1.2 local
1.3 organic

1.3.1 microfibrillar collagen
1.3.2 chitosan


1.4 inorganic

1.4.1 styptics

types
systemic

there several classes of antihemorrhagic drugs used in medicine. these include antifibrinolytics, blood coagulation factors, fibrinogen, , vitamin k.

local

topical hemostatic agents have been gaining popularity use in emergency bleeding control, in military medicine. available in 2 forms—as granular powder poured on wounds, or embedded in dressing.

organic
microfibrillar collagen

microfibrillar collagen hemostat (mch) topical agent composed of resorbable microfibrillar collagen. attracts platelets , allows formation of blood clot when comes contact blood. unlike hemostatic clamp, no mechanical action involved. surgeon presses mch against bleeding site, , collagen attracts , helps clotting process stop bleeding.

the practical application mch different of hemostatic clamp.

chitosan

chitosan hemostats topical agents composed of chitosan , salts. chitosan bonds platelets , red blood cells form gel-like clot seals bleeding vessel. unlike other hemostat technologies action not require normal hemostatic pathway , therefore continues function when anticoagulants heparin present.

chitosan used in emergency hemostats designed stop traumatic life-threatening bleeding. use established in many military , trauma units.

inorganic

kaolin , zeolite activate coagulation cascade, , have been used active component of hemostatic dressings (for example, in quikclot).

styptics

styptic pencil



alum block , razor

styptics cause hemostasis contracting blood vessels.

a common delivery system styptic or hemostatic pencil (not confused caustic pencil). short stick of medication. anhydrous aluminium sulfate main ingredient , acts vasoconstrictor in order disable blood flow. stick applied directly bleeding site. high ionic strength promotes flocculation of blood, , astringent chemical causes local vasoconstriction. before safety razors invented, standard part of shaving kit , used seal shaving cuts. people continue use styptic pencils minor skin wounds safety or electric razors.

styptic powder used in veterinary trade stop bleeding nails clipped closely. powder used on animals, such birds, cats, dogs, , rabbits, vein found in center of nail.