Functions Malonyl-CoA

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1 functions

1.1 fatty acid biosynthesis
1.2 polypeptide biosynthesis
1.3 regulation





functions

it plays key role in chain elongation in fatty acid biosynthesis , polyketide biosynthesis.


fatty acid biosynthesis

in former, provides 2-carbon units fatty acids , commits them fatty acid chain synthesis.


malonyl-coa formed carboxylating acetyl-coa using enzyme acetyl-coa carboxylase. 1 molecule of acetyl-coa joins molecule of bicarbonate, requiring energy rendered atp.


malonyl-coa utilised in fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme malonyl coenzyme a:acyl carrier protein transacylase (mcat). mcat serves transfer malonate malonyl-coa terminal thiol of holo-acyl carrier protein (acp).


polypeptide biosynthesis

mcat involved in bacterial polyketide biosynthesis. enzyme mcat acyl carrier protein (acp), , polyketide synthase (pks) , chain-length factor heterodimer, constitutes minimal pks of type ii polyketides.


regulation

malonyl-coa highly regulated molecule in fatty acid synthesis; such, inhibits rate-limiting step in beta-oxidation of fatty acids. malonyl coa inhibits fatty acids associating carnitine regulating enzyme carnitine acyltransferase, thereby preventing them entering mitochondria, fatty acid oxidation , degradation occur.








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